20.1.2 HONOR SYSTEM RULES 
20.1.2.1 Introduction
20.1.2.2 Definitions of Academic Misconduct
20.1.2.2.1 Cheating
20.1.2.2.2 Fabrication
20.1.2.2.3 Falsification
20.1.2.2.4 Multiple Submissions
20.1.2.2.5 Plagiarism
20.1.2.2.6 Complicity
20.1.2.2.7 Abuse and Misuse of Access and Unauthorized Access
20.1.2.2.8 Violation of Departmental or College Rules
20.1.2.2.9 University Rules on Research
20.1.2.3 Special Note on Group Projects 

20.1.2.1  INTRODUCTION    

 

“An Aggie does not lie, cheat or steal, or tolerate those who do.”

Texas A&M University is dedicated to the discovery, development, communication and application of knowledge in a wide range of academic and professional fields and assumes as its historic trust the maintenance of freedom of inquiry and an intellectual environment nurturing the human mind and spirit.  Living in accordance with the Aggie Code of Honor is critical to these ideals, to the goal of assuming a place of preeminence in higher education, and to the development of the whole student.

20.1.2.2  DEFINITIONS OF ACADEMIC MISCONDUCT

Misconduct in academic work (research or scholarship) or documentation includes cheating, fabrication, falsification, multiple submissions, plagiarism, complicity, abuse and misuse of access, or violating college, program, departmental, or course rules in proposing, performing, reviewing, or reporting research in an academic setting. It does not include honest error or honest differences in interpretations or judgments of data.  
 
Texas A&M University students are responsible for authenticating all submitted work and documentation.  If asked, students must be able to produce proof that the item submitted is the work of that student and/or authentic.  Students must keep appropriate records at all times.   The inability to authenticate one’s work or documentation, should the instructor request it, is sufficient grounds to initiate an academic misconduct case.
 
If alleged misconduct meets the definition of "misconduct in research or scholarship" under System Regulation 15.99.03 - Ethics in Research and Scholarship and relates to federally funded research, either by an active federal research project or the use of data that was compiled in whole or in part with federal funds the procedures set out in 15.99.03 and University Rule 15.99.03.M1 – Ethics in Research, Scholarship, and Creative Work will apply.
 
Academic misconduct includes the commission of any of the following prohibited acts. Clarification is provided for each definition by listing examples of prohibited behaviors. Examples are not, however, exclusive of any other acts that may reasonably be called academic misconduct under the provided definitions.


20.1.2.2.1  Cheating:   Intentionally using or attempting to use unauthorized materials, information, notes, study aids or other devices or materials in any academic exercise. Unauthorized materials may include anything or anyone that gives a student assistance and has not been specifically approved in advance by the instructor. 

Examples:

1. During an examination, looking at another student's examination or using external aids (for example, books, notes, calculators, conversation with others, or electronic devices) unless specifically allowed in advance by the instructor. 
2. Having others conduct research or prepare work without advance authorization from the instructor.  
3. Acquiring answers for any assigned work or examination from any unauthorized source.  This includes, but is not limited to, using the services of commercial term paper companies, purchasing answer sets to homework from tutoring companies, using any resources that contain or generate answers to questions posed in assignments, and obtaining information from students who have previously taken the examination.
4. Collaborating with other students in the completion of assigned work, unless specifically authorized by the instructor teaching the course.  Students should assume that all assignments are to be completed individually unless the instructor indicates otherwise.  Students who are unsure should seek clarification from their instructors.
5. Soliciting or attempting to solicit the assistance of another in the completion of assigned work, even when the solicitation did not yield actual results. For example, asking others to work together in an unauthorized manner on an exam and no one responds to the solicitation.
6. Other similar acts. 

20.1.2.2.2  Fabrication:  Making up data or results and recording or reporting them; submitting fabricated documents.

Examples: 

1. The intentional invention of any information on an assignment, document, or citation in any academic exercise.
2. Using invented information in any laboratory experiment, report of results or academic exercise. It would be improper, for example, to analyze one sample in an experiment and then invent data based on that single experiment for several more required analyses. 
3. Changing information on tests, quizzes, examinations, reports, or any other material that has been graded and resubmitting it as if it were the original for the purpose of improving the grade on that material.
4. The intentional invention of any information or citation on an assignment or document.  This includes but is not limited to using generative artificial intelligence and large language models (AI) or other electronic resources in an unauthorized manner to create academic work and represent it as one’s own.
5. Inventing and/or providing a fabricated document or other information to any University employee in order to obtain an excused absence or to satisfy a course requirement.
6. Other similar acts.

 
20.1.2.2.3  Falsification:   Manipulating research and/or academic materials, documentation, equipment, or processes; changing or omitting data or results such that the research or information is not accurately represented in the research or academic record.
 
Examples:

1. Changing the measurements in an experiment for a laboratory exercise to obtain results more closely conforming to theoretically expected values.
2. Taking a quotation from a book review and then indicating that the quotation was obtained from the book itself. 
3. Misrepresenting, withholding, and/or furnishing false information to an instructor, university official or office; the unauthorized alteration of an official document such as a medical excuse or a transcript.
4. Other similar acts.

20.1.2.2.4  Multiple Submissions:  Submitting substantial portions of the same work (including oral reports) for credit more than once without authorization from the instructor of the class for which the student submits the work.

Examples: 

1. Submitting the same work for credit in more than one course or in the same course without the instructor’s permission. 
2. Making revisions in a paper or report (including oral presentations) that has been submitted in one class and submitting it for credit in another class without the instructor’s permission. 
3. Representing group work done in one class as one’s own individual work for the purpose of using it in another class. 
4. Other similar acts.

 
20.1.2.2.5  PLAGIARISM: The appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving appropriate credit; intentionally, knowingly or carelessly presenting the work of another as one’s own without crediting the author or creator.

Examples:

1. Failing to credit sources used in a work product in an attempt to pass off the work as one’s own.
2. Failing to use quotation marks and citations to indicate that information is a direct quote from another source; not properly crediting the information used.
3. Attempting to receive credit for work performed by another, including papers obtained in whole or in part from individuals or other sources. Students are permitted to use the services of a tutor (paid or unpaid), a professional editor, or the University Writing Center to assist them in completing assigned work, unless the instructor explicitly prohibits such assistance. If the student uses such services, the resulting product must be the original work of the student. Purchasing or obtaining in any way research reports, essays, lab reports, practice sets, or answers to assignments from any person or business is strictly prohibited. Sale of such materials is a violation of both these rules and State law.
4. Failing to cite internet sites, databases and other electronic resources if they are utilized in any way as resource material in an academic exercise.
5. Other similar acts. 

General information pertaining to plagiarism:

1. Style Guides: Instructors are responsible for identifying any specific style/format requirement for the course. Examples include, but are not limited to, American Psychological Association (APA) style and Modern Languages Association (MLA) style.
2. Direct Quotation: Every direct quotation must be identified by quotation marks or appropriate indentation and must be properly acknowledged in the text by citation or in a footnote or endnote. 
3. Paraphrase: Prompt acknowledgment is required when material from another source is paraphrased or summarized, in whole or in part, in one's own words. To acknowledge a paraphrase properly, one might state: "To paraphrase Locke's comment..." and then conclude with a footnote or endnote identifying the exact reference. Guidance on paraphrasing and avoiding plagiarism is available from the University Writing Center.
4. Borrowed Facts: Information gained in reading or research that is not common knowledge, must be acknowledged. 
5. Common Knowledge:  Common knowledge includes generally known facts such as the names of leaders of prominent nations, basic scientific laws, basic historical information (e.g., George Washington was the first President of the United States), etc.  Common knowledge does not require citation.  
6. Works Consulted: Materials that add only to a general understanding of a subject may be acknowledged in the bibliography, and need not be footnoted or end-noted.  Writers should be certain that they have not used specific information from a general source in preparing their work unless it has been appropriately cited.  Writers should not include books, papers, or any other type of source in a bibliography, “works cited” list, or a “works consulted” list unless those materials were actually used in the research. This prohibited practice of citing unused works is sometimes referred to as “padding.”
7. Footnotes, Endnotes, and In-text Citations: One footnote, endnote, or in-text citation is usually enough to acknowledge indebtedness when a number of connected sentences are drawn from one source. When direct quotations are used, however, quotation marks must be inserted and acknowledgment made. Similarly, when a passage is paraphrased, acknowledgment is required.
8. Graphics, Design Products, and Visual Aids: All graphics, design products, and visual aids from another creator used in academic assignments must reference the source of the material.

20.1.2.2.6  Complicity: Intentionally or knowingly helping, or attempting to help, another to commit an act of academic misconduct. 

Examples: 

1. Knowingly allowing another to copy from one's paper during an examination or test.
2. Distributing, posting, or otherwise communicating test questions or substantive information about the test without the instructor’s permission.
3. Collaborating on academic work knowing that the collaboration will not be reported. 
4. Taking an examination or test for another student.
5. Signing another's name on an academic exercise or attendance sheet. 
6. Conspiring or agreeing with one or more persons to commit, or to attempt to commit, any act of academic misconduct. 
7. Other similar acts.

20.1.2.2.7  Abuse and Misuse of Access and Unauthorized Access:  Students may not abuse or misuse computer access or gain unauthorized access to information in any academic exercise. See Student Rule 22: http://student-rules.tamu.edu/

20.1.2.2.8  Violation of college, program, departmental or course rules:  Students may not violate any announced college, program, departmental, or course rules that are in compliance with other student rules relating to academic matters.

20.1.2.2.9  University Rules on Research: Students involved in conducting research and/or scholarly activities at Texas A&M University must also adhere to standards set forth in University Rule 15.99.03.M1 - Responsible Conduct in Research and Scholarship.  

20.1.2.3  SPECIAL NOTE ON GROUP PROJECTS 
If someone in a group commits academic misconduct, the entire group could be held responsible for academic misconduct, as well. It is important to clearly document who contributes what parts of the joint project. Students in groups are responsible for knowing what group members are doing and how they are getting the material they provide. Any academic misconduct discovered should be reported immediately to the instructor or AHSO.